Dr. Robert Duncan-Enzmann – Objectives of the Colonial Society, written in the 1950s
- The prime objective of the Colonial Society is to found colonies in Solar and, eventually, Interstellar space that are capable of supporting themselves without imports from Earth.
- Commerce with Earth and other locations, should such develop or be discovered, is considered highly desirable and to be encouraged. Capability for self-sustenance is not for the purpose of reducing contact with the Earth. Commerce in materials, goods, products, information, processes, transportation and storage, research, and personal services are all to be furthered to the best interests of all concerned.
- The objectives of the Colonial Society are to be accomplished by grouping activities under two divisions directed by majority vote of two types of stock, subject to one another as indicated in the by-laws. The two divisions are:
(A) Division of Terrestrial Finance and Administration
(B) Division of Engineering and Extraterrestrial Administration
- 50,000,000 (fifty million) shares of class-A stock are to be authorized. Class-A stockholders will indicate the activities of the Division of Terrestrial Finance and Administration by majority vote as proscribed by the Articles of Incorporation and its By-Laws.
1,000,000 (one million) shares of class-B stock are to be authorized. Class-B stockholders will indicate the activities of the Division of Engineering and Extraterrestrial Administration by majority vote as proscribed by the Articles of Incorporation and its By-Laws.
- The Colonial Society states that the Terrestrial Moon, Mercury, Mars, and similar bodies within and without the confines of the Solar System are desirable locations for human colonization. It is recognized that humanity, as we know it now, would be completely dependent on mechanical devices for survival in an environment such as that of the Terrestrial Moon; nevertheless, we state that such bodies are not only sufficient, but also desirable locations for colonization by members of the society. More hospitable locations are more desirable, but their absence in the presence of such bodies as the Terrestrial Moon indicates to the Colonial Society that human colonization is strongly desirable.
- The Division of Terrestrial Finance and Administration shall work to promote the sale of stock and otherwise raise funds for the Society. Funds gained shall be invested according to the “rule of the prudent man.” The possibility of establishing trust funds in tax havens shall be explored. Activities of the Division of Engineering and Extraterrestrial Administration shall be financed out of income, not capital assets, as long as such activities are confined to Earth and not directed toward colonial activities.
- The Division of Engineering and Extraterrestrial Administration shall try to gain funds as gifts and grants by selling brochures, by performing services. Such funds should be spent prudently and indicated toward eventual colonial activities.
- The Division of Engineering and Extraterrestrial Administration shall work toward commencing field activities here on Earth, which will serve to develop skills needed in space exploration and colonization. Such activities could include geophysical, service, geological, biological efforts at remote locations such as the Kerguelen Islands, Eastern Greenland, Antarctica, desert regions, laboratory research, specialized manufacturing efforts.
- The Division of Engineering and Extraterrestrial Administration shall work to establish cooperation with government agencies (which today in 1969, have exclusive control of propulsion equipment needed for manned space activities). The cooperation shall be directed toward gaining access to space by personnel of the Colonial Society. Gaining personnel with experience in space as members of the Society is desirable.
- The Division of Terrestrial Finance and Administration shall work to build up the significantly large capital that will be needed for the manned efforts directed by the Division of Engineering and Extraterrestrial Administration. Capital funds of the two divisions of the Colonial Society, as well as income, may be spent for manned efforts.
- The Division of Engineering and Extraterrestrial Administration shall direct its efforts such that it may profit commercially from activities in:
- Collection and processing of information
- Engaging in transport, installation, storage, and repair activities for interested parties
- Design and design research efforts
- Physical and biological research efforts in space environments
- Engaging in special processing and manufacturing activities
While engaging in such activities, or activities financed by governmental or other grants in aid, the Division of Engineering and Extraterrestrial Administration shall always remember that its prime objective is the eventual establishment of self-sufficient colonies in Solar and Interstellar Space Environments.
- To engage in philanthropic activities when the society has sufficient funds in surplus of those necessary to engage in (l) and (2). These philanthropic activities shall be so proscribed that the society shall not in any calendar year give more than 51° of the society’s terrestrial income.
- As soon as at least ten persons, of which at least three shall be female of the Division of Engineering and Extraterrestrial Administration, spend most of their time in residence in a space installation, they shall be given the equivalent of 30% of the vote of the class-B stocks.
- As soon as at least 100 persons of the Society, including at least 30 females, spend most of their time in residence in a space installation, they shall be given the equivalent of 60% of the vote of the class-B stocks.
Children shall be counted among the totals. Children shall not be given the vote unless declared to have reached the age of reason by a majority of adults in residence in the space installation.
- The Society shall help others in emergency conditions resulting from physical accidents in extraterrestrial environments. Every effort will be made to extend aid; however, due judgment will be given to not hazarding an undue fraction of the Society’s equipment, and especially lives in such operations. Judgment must be used.
- Contact with extraterrestrial life, cognizant mechanical devices, or others shall be made with utmost caution in a friendly and cooperative manner. All contact, however, shall be made with the prime objective of protecting the Earth and then the lives and equipment of the particular group in contact.
- The society shall not give more than 5$ of its terrestrial income per annum to causes directed toward improving the lot of terrestrial or extraterrestrial societies which are in continuous trouble because of technological, genetic, and social lack of foresight, backwardness, vicious application, and other varieties of adult delinquency.
Bylaws
The Division of Terrestrial Finance and Administration will be under the direction of the company president as guided by the board of directors. The board of directors will number at least 3 and not more than 20; they will be elected by the stockholders and by corporate vote.
Corporate vote is defined as follows:
The company president will have a vote in the Division of Engineering and Extraterrestrial Administration equivalent to 5°!<> of the class-B shares outstanding regardless of what this number is. The technical director, who will guide the activities of the Division of Engineering and Extraterrestrial Administration, will have a vote in the Division of Terrestrial Finance and Administration equivalent to 27 l/2$ of the class-A shares outstanding regardless of what this number is.
Provisions will be made for the retention of treasury stock. Treasury stock will not be voted under any circumstances.
The Division of Terrestrial Finance and Administration will operate according to “the law of the prudent man;” and will act much as the managers of a mutual or trust fund while capital is being secured for later operations in space. The Technical Director and others in the Division of Engineering and Extraterrestrial Administration shall recognize the nature of the Division of Terrestrial Finance and Administration’s efforts to secure the massive funds necessary for space colonization. Recognizing the nature of the Division of Terrestrial Finance and Administration’s efforts to secure capital, the Technical Director shall avoid expenditure of large percentages of capital when the expenditures are unlikely to significantly contribute to the Colonial Society’s goals of manned colonization or further capital gains.
The President of the company will attempt to pay a dividend every year of the company’s existence. The dividends are not to exceed company income. Dividends may be paid quarterly or annually.
Dividends will only be paid to holders of class-A stock. No dividends will be paid to owners of class-B stocks.
The Colonial Society will take a strong position against pollution of any type in both the Terrestrial and Space Environment.
Class-B stocks of the Division of Engineering and Extraterrestrial Administration and the Technical Director will vote to select a Technical Director. The Technical Director will work toward realization of the Colonial Society’s objectives.
When space activities make manned (eventually with women and children) colonization in space possible to the Colonial Society because of technical advances of our civilization and the Societies financial and other positions, the payment of dividends and terrestrial capital profits guided by the Division of Terrestrial Finance and Administration shall become subordinate to expansion of space activities. Need for profits will, however, be recognized by both groups.
Ownership of class-A stocks does not entitle the stockholders to participate physically in colonization or other space activities if they do not fulfill the physiological and other qualifications indicated elsewhere in the articles of incorporation and its bylaws.
Furthermore, even if the individuals do qualify, they may be excepted by the directors because there is no position or because they are not acceptable to the current operating groups.
An advisory Committee to assist the activities of the Financial Division and another to assist the Engineering Division. The members of the respective Committees shall be non-stockholders and leaders in finance and technology. The members of the respective committees shall be non-stockholders.
The prime directive of the colonial society is to protect for all time human life on Earth and the existence of Earth as the origin of humans and possible future life of humanity. The Earth is to be protected if this means the sacrifice of all life and equipment of the society.
The death penalty is abolished on ships and colonies for any reason whatsoever. Management of difficult persons by physiological modification short of death or by confinement is permitted.
The Earth and the Solar System shall be protected by quarantine procedures; extraterrestrial environments shall be protected by quarantine procedures with the objective of preserving information in these environments until they can be studied.
When sufficient studies have been completed, quarantine procedures directed toward the protection of alien environments shall be progressively relaxed. Quarantine procedures for the Earth and for technological systems of the colonial society. Quarantine implies procedures concerning microorganisms, viruses, human genetics, chemical, radioactive, and biotic substances, drugs, information, procedures, equipment, history, and records.
The colonial society will work within the framework of local, national, and international laws. It will not operate to please opinions or pressure groups. Where situations arise which would cause conflicts between various legal codes or between legal codes and the aims of the Colonial Society, the society shall act or move to eliminate such conflicts.
The following persons shall be excluded from the Society’s colonies; persons who display or have a high probability of carrying noxious genetic defects, where noxious indicates genetic burdens on the order of those carried by sufferers with hemophilia, sickle cell anemia, color blindness, diabetes, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis hip-joint defect, or those who have a significant probability of procreating sufferers with the above under conditions of brother-sister marriage over considerable numbers of generations.
Persons with I.Q.s (intelligence quotients as measured by a modified Stanford Binet Procedure) as measured by at least eight separate tests given at approximately regular intervals over 1 to 3 years (terrestrial) which are not in the upper 5$ of the nation shall be excluded from the society’s colonies.
Exceptions to these exclusions will be allowed if there is overwhelming reason and the individual allowed the exception is biologically sterile for the duration of the stay.
Children born into the colonies who do not meet the above standards will be encouraged to migrate elsewhere or remain sterile^ exception is made if the lack of capacity is due to a mechanical accident.
Every effort will be exerted to encourage humans with physiologically higher qualifications than the above to join the colonies.
Plants and animals exported to the colonies for food, decoration, experimentation, or other purposes shall be subject to careful quarantine regulations, genetic selection, and consideration as to the effects of hybridization.
One language is mandatory in the colonies (the mandatory language may be modified but only to improve communication). The present mandatory is English as in general usage in the United States of America.
One system of physical measurements is to be used (the mandatory system may be modified but only to improve communication). The present mandatory system of measurements is the metric system, as used by almost all nations of the Earth, with the exception of the United States of America.
Philosophical homogeneity, and additionally every other form of human homogeneity, is to be encouraged within single colonies of the Society.
Establishment of philosophically, genetic, and otherwise heterogeneous colonies within the framework of the society may be organized; however, these shall be by request of the interested parties, and such heterogeneity shall never be forced upon groups that desire homogeneity.
The mechanical and biological integrity of colonies is subject to English Type maritime laws as applied under semi-wartime conditions. Here a colony is defined as an inhabited complex that can survive indefinitely without imports; or a complex that is working toward that condition.
Single vehicles(ships) or groups of vehicles are subordinate to their parent colonies; but within themselves subject to maritime laws in as far as their mechanical and biological integrity is concerned but within recognized vehicle-to-vehicle chains of command.
Human and property interrelationships within vehicles and colonies shall be guided and shall operate under a variety or varieties of English common law where events and actions do not strongly concern the mechanical or biological integrity of the colonies or vehicles.
There shall be complete separation of church and state, by which it is meant that theological and/or philosophical views and organized religions shall operate without any aid from the Colonial Society- with the exception of the philosophy expressed in the articles of incorporation of this and member societies.
Legally recognized currency will be used by the Colonial Society. Currency shall be recognized as a servo medium used to expedite the movement of capital. Capital is here defined as information, energy, substances, processing equipment, transportation- equipment, processed items, storage equipment, and living things. Where legal and convenient the Colonial Society will issue currency. Measures mil be taken to ensure that undue capital gains will not accrue to individuals or groups through currency manipulations. The inheritance of wealth will, however, be legal.
Slavery of all and any forms will be prohibited for all times in any colony, vehicle, or other operation of the colonial society. Slavery is here qualified as pertaining only to human beings.
The aged, the young, and the mechanically incapacitated will be cared for; where capital resources permit, the care shall be in comfort at accustomed levels.
Education and medical care for members of the colonies shall be at the expense of the colony, not the individual, within the capital abilities of the colony.
